Arguments are fueled by passion, so you'll naturally have a somewhat different perspective than the third party mediator you call upon for resolution when you've been involved in one. Moderators are unbiased third parties that arrive to the scene, look at the events that took place and then make the most objective call that they can from the limited amount of context available.
The context in this case was a rather heated thread of comments that started off as not-so-great, and then lost all signal as it deteriorated into complete noise. Viewing the thread as another impartial third party, I immediately got the sense that two people got off on the wrong foot, perhaps irreparably, and got carried away by the wrongs they perceived instead of keeping sight of a constructive outcome. While none of the participants were quite at their best, the exchange that you've shown as an example is probably the lowest that the discourse sank. I interpreted the comment more to indicate 'I am biting my tongue!' - just articulated poorly, but I can understand your interpretation and why it made you upset.
In this medium, where we type short paragraphs to one another, we don't have the benefit of voice inflection, facial expression, gestures or other tools we normally use to make both our point, and our intent known to the people we're communicating with. If you find that you're being received incorrectly as hostile and can't figure out why, the thing to do is immediately stop participating in the discussion and involve a moderator.
Speaking of that, a moderator should have been involved much earlier here - before the conversation had a chance to become the mess that it did. Almost every comment in this exchange could be seen as rude/offensive, I can understand why the moderator was confused that only one was picked out from the lot. In hindsight, the thing to have done is remove the entire thread, which I'll leave for Takkat to do at his discretion.
In the future if you've flagged something yet didn't see your desired outcome, please just flag again to be sure that you've articulated your concerns sufficiently - that's why we have an 'other' reason in the flag menu. Disputes like this should be settled privately whenever possible. If you can't understand the action that a moderator took, there's a good chance that for whatever reason, they failed to see what you did. Be as specific as you can , moderators are human too.
At this point, please consider that the best thing to do is simply move on, and try to not let situations like this reach the kind of boiling point that this one did.